摘要:For nearly as long as public law litigation1 has been a fixture of the political, social, economic,jurisprudential landscape of the United States, some judgesinterest groups have sought ways to scale it back. Many praise the social change that has taken root as a result of such efforts; whether it is the fruits of desegregation, marriage equality, or environmental justice litigation, public law litigation brought about significant social changealtered the social justice landscape of the United States in profound ways. At the same time, whether through the construction of barriers in the courts or legislative efforts that have sought to scale back opportunities for such actions, the critics of public law litigation have undertaken a sustained effort to weaken the ability of public law plaintiffstheir advocates to pursue social change through the courts.