摘要:AbstractMany physical products have been equipped with sensors, control units and actuators that allow monitoring and control via Internet. In this context, the paper defines “quantified products” (QP) exploiting the possibility of collecting and analyzing data during operation, not only on the level of a single product instance but for a complete fleet, which allows for new data services and service ecosystems. However, switching to production of QP is accompanied by substantial changes in the companies as different kinds of products and their lifecycles emerge and have to be coordinated. The paper structures the field by showing the different lifecycles for products, data services and ecosystems. Essential for QP is data integration, which is addressed in the paper using a multi-aspect ontology.