文章基本信息

标题：Criminality and Income Inequality in Indonesia
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作者：Lilik Sugiharti ; Miguel Angel Esquivias ; Mohd Shahidan Shaari 等
期刊名称：Social Sciences
印刷版ISSN：2076-0760
出版年度：2022
卷号：11
期号：3
页码：142
DOI：10.3390/socsci11030142
语种：English
出版社：MDPI, Open Access Journal
摘要：We investigate whether a nexus exists between income inequality and criminal activity in Indonesia. Additionally, we examine socioeconomic variables and potential links with criminal actions (i.e., crime rate, murder, rape, physical abuse, robbery, and fraud). We use the generalized method of moments (GMM) approach, employing data for 34 provinces in Indonesia over the period of 2010–2019. The results indicate that income inequality is associated with higher criminal activity. Overall, lower unemployment, larger investment (foreign and domestic), and higher human development (education and health) can help reduce crime in Indonesia. However, higher income can reduce physical abuse and crime rates, but theft and fraud increase with income growth. Rising unemployment increases rape, abuse, robbery, and fraud. Still, unemployment does not affect murder, suggesting that non-economic factors are dominant in explaining murder and violent crimes. Furthermore, income inequality can increase robbery and fraud, although it has no significant effects on murder, rape, and abuse. Government spending on social assistance and more efficient settlement of criminal acts can lower crime rates.
关键词：crime rate;well-being;income inequality;quality education;human development; life expectancy