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标题：Impact of new variants on SARS-CoV-2 infectivity and neutralization: A molecular assessment of the alterations in the spike-host protein interactions
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作者：Mary Hongying Cheng ; James M. Krieger ; Anupam Banerjee 等
期刊名称：iScience
印刷版ISSN：2589-0042
出版年度：2022
卷号：25
期号：3
页码：1-27
DOI：10.1016/j.isci.2022.103939
语种：English
出版社：Elsevier
摘要：SummaryThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants necessitates rational assessment of their impact on the recognition and neutralization of the virus by the host cell. We present a comparative analysis of the interactions of Alpha, Beta, Gamma, and Delta variants with cognate molecules (ACE2 and/or furin), neutralizing nanobodies (Nbs), and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) usingin silicomethods, in addition to Nb-binding assays. Our study elucidates the molecular origin of the ability of Beta and Delta variants to evade selected antibodies, such as REGN10933, LY-CoV555, B38, C105, or H11-H4, while being insensitive to others including REGN10987. Experiments confirm that nanobody Nb20 retains neutralizing activity against the Delta variant. The substitutions T478K and L452R in the Delta variant enhance associations with ACE2, whereas P681R promotes recognition by proteases, thus facilitating viral entry. The Ab-specific responses of variants highlight how full-atomic structure and dynamics analyses are required for assessing the response to newly emerging variants.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Atomic models and simulations explain how SARS-CoV-2 variants evade some antibodies•All variants bind ACE2 more strongly with Delta variant optimizing electrostatics•P681H and P681R enhance recognition of Alpha and Delta variants by Furin•Some antibodies retain binding to variant RBDs including Nb20 to Delta variantBiological sciences; Virology; Structural biology