文章基本信息

标题：Iodine: Its Role in Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis and Beyond
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作者：Salvatore Sorrenti ; Enke Baldini ; Daniele Pironi 等
期刊名称：Nutrients
电子版ISSN：2072-6643
出版年度：2021
卷号：13
期号：12
DOI：10.3390/nu13124469
语种：English
出版社：MDPI Publishing
摘要：The present review deals with the functional roles of iodine and its metabolism. The main biological function of iodine concerns its role in the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THs) by the thyroid gland. In addition, however, further biological roles of iodine have emerged. Precisely, due to its significant action as scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS), iodine is thought to represent one of the oldest antioxidants in living organisms. Moreover, iodine oxidation to hypoiodite (IO −) has been shown to possess strong bactericidal as well as antiviral and antifungal activity. Finally, and importantly, iodine has been demonstrated to exert antineoplastic effects in human cancer cell lines. Thus, iodine, through the action of different tissue-specific peroxidases, may serve different evolutionarily conserved physiological functions that, beyond TH biosynthesis, encompass antioxidant activity and defense against pathogens and cancer progression.
关键词：iodine; thyroid hormone biosynthesis; pregnancy; iodine prophylaxis; peroxidase; cancer; antioxidants