文章基本信息

标题：Limits of Negotiable Developer Obligations
本地全文：下载
作者：Andreas Hendricks ; Peter Lacoere ; Erwin van der Krabben 等
期刊名称：Sustainability
印刷版ISSN：2071-1050
出版年度：2021
卷号：13
期号：20
页码：11364
DOI：10.3390/su132011364
语种：English
出版社：MDPI, Open Access Journal
摘要：Many local authorities apply public value capture on new developments to cover the costs of additional public services. The development obligations (DO) they apply can be either negotiable (NDO) or non-negotiable (NNDO). This article examines the limits of NDOs by comparing three national case studies according to the basic principles of proportionality, causality, connection, and lack of transparency for developers. Well-developed building land models and a delineation of applicable cost types offer more transparency for the developer and enable the municipal authorities to establish a fairer distribution of burdens based on actual benefit.