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标题：Association of Sulfur, Transition Metals, and the Oxidative Potential of Outdoor PM 2.5 with Acute Cardiovascular Events: A Case-Crossover Study of Canadian Adults
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作者：Scott Weichenthal ; Eric Lavigne ; Alison Traub 等
期刊名称：Environmental Health Perspectives
印刷版ISSN：0091-6765
电子版ISSN：1552-9924
出版年度：2021
卷号：129
期号：10
DOI：10.1289/EHP9449
语种：English
出版社：OCR Subscription Services Inc
摘要：Background: We do not currently understand how spatiotemporal variations in the composition of fine particulate air pollution [fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μ m ( PM 2.5 )] affects population health risks. However, recent evidence suggests that joint concentrations of transition metals and sulfate may influence the oxidative potential (OP) of PM 2.5 and associated health impacts. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate how combinations of transition metals/OP and sulfur content in outdoor PM 2.5 influence associations with acute cardiovascular events. Methods: We conducted a national case-crossover study of outdoor PM 2.5 and acute cardiovascular events in Canada between 2016 and 2017 (93,344 adult cases). Monthly mean transition metal and sulfur (S) concentrations in PM 2.5 were determined prospectively along with estimates of OP using acellular assays for glutathione ( OP GSH ), ascorbate ( OP AA ), and dithiothreitol depletion ( OP DTT ). Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for PM 2.5 across strata of transition metals/OP and sulfur. Results: Among men, the magnitudes of observed associations were strongest when both transition metal and sulfur content were elevated. For example, an OR of 1.078 (95% CI: 1.049, 1.108) (per 10 μ g / m 3 ) was observed for cardiovascular events in men when both copper and S were above the median, whereas a weaker association was observed when both elements were below median values ( OR = 1.019 , 95% CI: 1.007, 1.031). A similar pattern was observed for OP metrics. PM 2.5 was not associated with acute cardiovascular events in women. Discussion: The combined transition metal and sulfur content of outdoor PM 2.5 influences the strength of association with acute cardiovascular events in men. Regions with elevated concentrations of both sulfur and transition metals in PM 2.5 should be examined as priority areas for regulatory interventions. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9449