摘要:SummaryThe cell wall is an essential dynamic structure for shielding fungus from environmental stress, and its synthesizing and remodeling are regulated by the cell wall integrity (CWI) pathway. Here, we explored the roles of a putative downstream effector AflRlm1 of CWI pathway inAspergillus flavus. The results showed that AflRlm1 played a positive role in conidia production, sclerotium formation, aflatoxin biosynthesis, and pathogenicity. Furthermore, we provided evidence for the physical connection between AflRlm1 and AflSlt2 and determined the role of AflSlt2 in the phosphorylation of AflRlm1. Then, we discovered the importance of WSCs (cell wall integrity and stress response component) to the CWI signal and the process of AflRlm1 transferring to the nucleus after receiving the signal. Overall, this study clarified the transmission process of CWI signals and proves that the CWI pathway plays a key role in the development ofA. flavusand the production of aflatoxin combined with transcriptome data analysis.Graphical abstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Linked the CWI pathway from membrane receptors to transcription factors inA. flavus•Found the phosphorylate activation and subcellular metastasis of AflRlm1 in stress•Discovered the important role of AflRlm1 in aflatoxin biosynthesisGenetics; Mycology; Transcriptomics