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  • 标题:Do Tourism and Institutional Quality Asymmetrically Effects on FDI Sustainability in BIMSTEC Countries: An Application of ARDL, CS-ARDL, NARDL, and Asymmetric Causality Test
  • 本地全文:下载
  • 作者:Yixing Yang ; Md. Qamruzzaman ; Mohd Ziaur Rehman
  • 期刊名称:Sustainability
  • 印刷版ISSN:2071-1050
  • 出版年度:2021
  • 卷号:13
  • 期号:17
  • 页码:9989
  • DOI:10.3390/su13179989
  • 语种:English
  • 出版社:MDPI, Open Access Journal
  • 摘要:The motivation of the study is to investigate the nature of the relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and <i>FDI</i> in BIMSTEC nations for the period 1996Q1–2018Q4. Exploring their nature of association, the study performed several panel econometric models, namely Panel ARDL, Nonlinear ARDL, and Toda-Yamamoto causality test, with symmetric and asymmetric effects of institutional quality and tourism. The results of the Wald test confirmed the long-run asymmetric relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and <i>FDI</i>, both in the long-run and short-run. Furthermore, directional casualty established a feedback hypothesis explaining the relationship between institutional quality, tourism, and <i>FDI</i>.
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