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标题：Distinct influences of large-scale circulation and regional feedbacks in two exceptional 2019 European heatwaves
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作者：Pedro M. Sousa ; David Barriopedro ; Ricardo García-Herrera 等
期刊名称：Communications Earth & Environment
电子版ISSN：2662-4435
出版年度：2020
卷号：1
期号：1
页码：1-13
DOI：10.1038/s43247-020-00048-9
语种：English
出版社：Nature Research
摘要：Two separate heatwaves affected western Europe in June and July 2019, in particular France, Belgium, the Netherlands, western Germany and northeastern Spain. Here we compare the European 2019 summer temperatures to multi-proxy reconstructions of temperatures since 1500, and analyze the relative influence of synoptic conditions and soil-atmosphere feedbacks on both heatwave events. We find that a subtropical ridge was a common synoptic set-up to both heatwaves. However, whereas the June heatwave was mostly associated with warm advection of a Saharan air mass intrusion, land surface processes were relevant for the magnitude of the July heatwave. Enhanced radiative fluxes and precipitation reduction during early July added to the soil moisture deficit that had been initiated by the June heatwave. We show this deficit was larger than it would have been in the past decades, pointing to climate change imprint. We conclude that land-atmosphere feedbacks as well as remote influences through northward propagation of dryness contributed to the exceptional intensity of the July heatwave. Two exceptional heatwaves affected Europe in June and July 2019. Although both were driven by the large-scale circulation, the July event was also amplified by soil moisture feedback, according to an analysis of past temperatures, weather analogues and soil-atmosphere interactions.