文章基本信息

标题：学際的手法で探る豊後水道沿岸域のアオギリの分布に対する人為的影響
本地全文：下载
作者：徳岡良則 ; 早川宗志 ; 木村健一郎等
期刊名称：日本森林学会誌
印刷版ISSN：1349-8509
电子版ISSN：1882-398X
出版年度：2016
卷号：98
期号：5
页码：199-206
DOI：10.4005/jjfs.98.199
语种：Japanese
出版社：The Japanese Forest Society
摘要：人の移動や交易を通して導入された多くの植物が地域生態系に影響を与えている.その由来に在来説と外来説のある落葉高木のアオイ科アオギリ属のアオギリは日本の暖温帯に分布する.本研究では豊後水道沿岸域におけるアオギリの出現遷移段階，植物利用，方言名を評価し，本種の分布への人為的影響を考察した.古地図，歴史資料，古老の証言，林分調査の結果によれば，従来原生林とされてきた愛媛県愛南町西海鹿島のアオギリ優占林は人為的撹乱を受けていた.その他のアオギリは特定の集落周辺の撹乱跡地に偏在していた.この結果は本種が遷移途上の林分に主に生育することを示唆した.対象地域内では，昭和中頃までアオギリの樹皮繊維に多くの用途があった.本種は高知県の人家浦，宮崎県の山地斜面に植栽されていた.九州と四国には「ヘラ」と「イサキ」というアオギリの共通の方言名があった.歴史資料によると，江戸後期に「ヘラ」と呼ばれたアオイ科シナノキ属樹種が九州から中国地方へ繊維採取用に導入されている.この事実と本研究結果は豊後水道沿岸域のアオギリは海路を通じた繊維利用文化の伝播に由来し，特定の集落周辺に現存しているという新たな仮説を想起させる.
其他摘要：Many plants carried by human migration and trade have become naturalized and significantly affected local ecosystems. A deciduous tree, Firmiana simplex (Malvaceae), of uncertain origin, grows in warm temperate regions in Japan. We explored anthropogenic influences on the distribution of F. simplex along the coast of the Bungo Channel, eastern Japan, by evaluating the successional sere that the species occupies, historical usage, and local plant names. An old land use map, historical records, local knowledge, and field observations of forest stands indicated that the F. simplex-dominated forest on Kashima, Ainan town, Ehime Prefecture, which was generally perceived as primary forest, was most likely anthropogenically disturbed. The F. simplex in several other localities had an aggregated distribution and grew at disturbed sites. These results imply that the species favors mid-successional forest stands. Trunk fiber had various uses around the mid-20th century in the study region. Interviewees told of planting this species on backyard slopes in Kochi Prefecture, and on mountain slopes in Miyazaki Prefecture. Common local names hera and isaki were recorded in both Kyushu and Shikoku. According to a historical record, Tilia species (Malvaceae), which are also called hera, were brought to the Chugoku region for trunk fiber usage in the early 19th century. This fact and our results suggest that F. simplex was introduced along the coast through the cultural diffusion of fiber usage and is now concentrated around specific villages.
关键词：有用植物;資源利用;歴史資料;地域植物相;植生遷移
其他关键词：useful plants;resource usage;historical information;local flora;vegetation succession