文章基本信息

标题：Investigating Functional Properties of Depressive Rumination Insight and Avoidance
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作者：Rosemary E. F. Kingston ; Edward R. Watkins ; Susan Nolen–Hoeksema 等
期刊名称：Journal of Experimental Psychopathology
电子版ISSN：2043-8087
出版年度：2014
卷号：5
期号：3
页码：244-258
DOI：10.5127/jep.038013
语种：English
出版社：SAGE Publications
摘要：It remains unresolved why people keep ruminating even though it confers vulnerability to depression. It has been hypothesised that rumination is reinforced by (i) increasing insight and understanding into difficulties and/or (ii) providing a rationale for avoiding taking action, thereby avoiding aversive situations. To test this, we used an experimental analogue to rumination about threat: Participants were confronted with being assertive about a difficult interpersonal issue, and randomly allocated to repetitively think about this in an abstract style characteristic of depressive rumination (“Why?”) or a concrete style inconsistent with depressive rumination (“How?”). Relative to abstract rumination, concrete thinking significantly enhanced sense of confidence, control, and assertiveness self–efficacy, but not insight and understanding. In contrast, rumination increased justification for avoidance relative to concrete thinking. These findings suggest that rumination does not increase insight relative to other problem–focused thinking, but it may be reinforced by providing evidence that supports inactivity and avoidance.
关键词：Rumination; Depression; Cognitive Processes; Metacognitive Beliefs; Avoidance