文章基本信息

标题：Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and Exosome Profiling from a Year-Long Human Spaceflight Reveals Circulating Biomarkers
本地全文：下载
作者：Daniela Bezdan ; Kirill Grigorev ; Cem Meydan 等
期刊名称：iScience
印刷版ISSN：2589-0042
出版年度：2020
卷号：23
期号：12
页码：1-25
DOI：10.1016/j.isci.2020.101844
语种：English
出版社：Elsevier
摘要：SummaryLiquid biopsies based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) or exosomes provide a noninvasive approach to monitor human health and disease but have not been utilized for astronauts. Here, we profile cfDNA characteristics, including fragment size, cellular deconvolution, and nucleosome positioning, in an astronaut during a year-long mission on the International Space Station, compared to his identical twin on Earth and healthy donors. We observed a significant increase in the proportion of cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) inflight, and analysis of post-flight exosomes in plasma revealed a 30-fold increase in circulating exosomes and patient-specific protein cargo (including brain-derived peptides) after the year-long mission. This longitudinal analysis of astronaut cfDNA during spaceflight and the exosome profiles highlights their utility for astronaut health monitoring, as well as cf-mtDNA levels as a potential biomarker for physiological stress or immune system responses related to microgravity, radiation exposure, and the other unique environmental conditions of spaceflight.Graphical AbstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Liquid biopsy can monitor the health conditions of astronauts during spaceflight•Increases in cell-free mitochondrial DNA were found during spaceflight•Post-flight astronaut blood had exosome increases and brain-derived peptides•Controls for sampling from the ISS can correct for technical noiseSpace Medicine; Omics