文章基本信息

标题：Metabolic Features of Mouse and Human Retinas: Rods versus Cones, Macula versus Periphery, Retina versus RPE
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作者：Bo Li ; Ting Zhang ; Wei Liu 等
期刊名称：iScience
印刷版ISSN：2589-0042
出版年度：2020
卷号：23
期号：11
页码：1-42
DOI：10.1016/j.isci.2020.101672
语种：English
出版社：Elsevier
摘要：SummaryPhotoreceptors, especially cones, which are enriched in the human macula, have high energy demands, making them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Metabolic dysfunction of photoreceptors and their supporting retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is an important underlying cause of degenerative retinal diseases. However, how cones and the macula support their exorbitant metabolic demand and communicate with RPE is unclear. By profiling metabolite uptake and release and analyzing metabolic genes, we have found cone-rich retinas and human macula share specific metabolic features with upregulated pathways in pyruvate metabolism, mitochondrial TCA cycle, and lipid synthesis. Human neural retina and RPE have distinct but complementary metabolic features. Retinal metabolism centers on NADH production and neurotransmitter biosynthesis. The retina needs aspartate to sustain its aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism. RPE metabolism is directed toward NADPH production and biosynthesis of acetyl-rich metabolites, serine, and others. RPE consumes multiple nutrients, including proline, to produce metabolites for the retina.Graphical AbstractDisplay OmittedHighlights•Besides glucose, mouse and human retinas heavily consume aspartate and glutamate•Mature retinal organoids robustly consume aspartate and glutamate•Cone-rich retinas and the neural macula use more pyruvate•Neural retinas and RPE differ in their metabolite uptake and releaseBiochemistry; Sensory Neuroscience; Metabolomics