文章基本信息

标题：H  II regions and high-mass starless clump candidates
其他标题：I. Catalogs and properties★★★
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作者：A. Zavagno ; J. Yuan ; H. Liu 等
期刊名称：Astronomy & Astrophysics
印刷版ISSN：0004-6361
电子版ISSN：1432-0746
出版年度：2020
卷号：637
页码：1-26
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/201936792
语种：English
出版社：EDP Sciences
摘要：Context.The role of ionization feedback on high-mass (>8M⊙) star formation is still highly debated. Questions remain concerning the presence of nearby H IIregions changes the properties of early high-mass star formation and whether H IIregions promote or inhibit the formation of high-mass stars.Aims.To characterize the role of H IIregions on the formation of high-mass stars, we study the properties of a sample of candidates high-mass starless clumps (HMSCs), of which about 90% have masses larger than 100M⊙. These high-mass objects probably represent the earliest stages of high-mass star formation; we search if (and how) their properties are modified by the presence of an H IIregion.Methods.We took advantage of the recently published catalog of HMSC candidates. By cross matching the HMSCs and H IIregions, we classified HMSCs into three categories: (1) the HMSCs associated with H IIregions both in the position in the projected plane of the sky and in velocity; (2) HMSCs associated in the plane of the sky, but not in velocity; and (3) HMSCs far away from any H IIregions in the projected sky plane. We carried out comparisons between associated and nonassociated HMSCs based on statistical analyses of multiwavelength data from infrared to radio.Results.We show that there are systematic differences of the properties of HMSCs in different environments. Statistical analyses suggest that HMSCs associated with H IIregions are warmer, more luminous, more centrally-peaked and turbulent. We also clearly show, for the first time, that the ratio of bolometric luminosity to envelope mass of HMSCs (L∕M) could not be a reliable evolutionary probe for early massive star formation due to the external heating effects of the H IIregions.Conclusions.We show HMSCs associated with H IIregions present statistically significant differences from HMSCs far away from H IIregions, especially for dust temperature andL∕M. More centrally peaked and turbulent properties of HMSCs associated with H IIregions may promote the formation of high-mass stars by limiting fragmentation. High-resolution interferometric surveys toward HMSCs are crucial to reveal how H IIregions impact the star formation process inside HMSCs.
关键词：Key wordsenstars: formationH II regionssubmillimeter: ISM