文章基本信息

标题：Tomography of cool giant and supergiant star atmospheres
其他标题：II. Signature of convection in the atmosphere of the red supergiant starμCep★★★
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作者：K. Kravchenko ; A. Chiavassa ; S. Van Eck 等
期刊名称：Astronomy & Astrophysics
印刷版ISSN：0004-6361
电子版ISSN：1432-0746
出版年度：2019
卷号：632
页码：1-16
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/201935809
语种：English
出版社：EDP Sciences
摘要：Context.Red supergiants are cool massive stars and are the largest and the most luminous stars in the Universe. They are characterized by irregular or semi-regular photometric variations, the physics of which is not clearly understood.Aims.The paper aims to derive the velocity field in the red supergiant starμCep and to relate it to the photometric variability with the help of the tomographic method.Methods.The tomographic method allows one to recover the line-of-sight velocity distribution over the stellar disk and within different optical-depth slices. This method was applied to a series of high-resolution spectra ofμCep, and these results are compared to those obtained from 3D radiative-hydrodynamics CO5BOLD simulations of red supergiants. Fluctuations in the velocity field are compared with photometric and spectroscopic variations, the latter were derived from the TiO band strength and serve, at least partly, as a proxy of the variations in effective temperature.Results.The tomographic method reveals a phase shift between the velocity and spectroscopic and photometric variations. This phase shift results in a hysteresis loop in the temperature – velocity plane with a timescale of a few hundred days, which is similar to the photometric one. The similarity between the hysteresis loop timescale measured inμCep and the timescale of acoustic waves disturbing the convective pattern suggests that such waves play an important role in triggering the hysteresis loops.
关键词：Key wordsenstars: atmospheresstars: AGB and post-AGBsupergiantsline: formationradiative transfertechniques: spectroscopic