文章基本信息

标题：The pursuit of balance in sequential randomized trials
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作者：Raymond P. Guiteras ; David I. Levine ; Thomas H. Polley 等
期刊名称：Development Engineering
印刷版ISSN：2352-7285
电子版ISSN：2352-7285
出版年度：2016
卷号：1
页码：12-25
DOI：10.1016/j.deveng.2015.11.001
语种：English
出版社：Elsevier
摘要：AbstractIn many randomized trials, subjects enter the sample sequentially. Because the covariates for all units are not known in advance, standard methods of stratification do not apply. We describe and assess the method ofDA-optimal sequential allocation (Atkinson, 1982) for balancing stratification covariates across treatment arms. We provide simulation evidence that the method can provide substantial improvements in precision over commonly employed alternatives. We also describe our experience implementing the method in a field trial of a clean water and handwashing intervention in Dhaka, Bangladesh, the first time the method has been used. We provide advice and software for future researchers.
关键词：Stratification;Sequential randomization;Design of Experiments