文章基本信息

标题：Do star clusters form in a completely mass-segregated way? ⋆
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作者：Václav Pavlík ; Pavel Kroupa ; Ladislav Šubr 等
期刊名称：Astronomy & Astrophysics
印刷版ISSN：0004-6361
电子版ISSN：1432-0746
出版年度：2019
卷号：626
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/201834265
语种：English
出版社：EDP Sciences
摘要：Context. ALMA observations of the Serpens South star-forming region suggest that stellar protoclusters may be completely mass segregated at birth. Independent observations also suggest that embedded clusters form segregated by mass.Aims. As the primordial mass segregation seems to be lost over time, we aim to study on which timescale an initially perfectly mass-segregated star cluster becomes indistinguishable from an initially not mass-segregated cluster. As an example, the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) is also discussed.Methods. We usedN-body simulations of star clusters with various masses and two different degrees of primordial mass segregation. We analysed their energy redistribution through two-body relaxation to quantify the time when the models agree in terms of mass segregation, which sets in only dynamically in the models that are primordially not mass segregated. A comprehensive cross-matched catalogue combining optical, infrared, and X-ray surveys of ONC members was also compiled and made available.Results. The models evolve to a similar radial distribution of high-mass stars after the core collapse (about half a median two-body relaxation time,trh) and become observationally indistinguishable from the point of view of mass segregation at timeτv ≈ 3.3 trh. In the case of the ONC, using the distribution of high-mass stars, we may not rule out either evolutionary scenario (regardless of whether they are initially mass segregated). When we account for extinction and elongation of the ONC, as reported elsewhere, an initially perfectly mass-segregated state seems to be more consistent with the observed cluster.
关键词：enmethods: numericalmethods: data analysisgalaxies: star clusters: individual: ONCstars: formation