文章基本信息

标题：Vertical salmon lice behaviour as a response to environmental conditions and its influence on regional dispersion in a fjord system
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作者：Ingrid A. Johnsen ; Øyvind Fiksen ; Anne D. Sandvik 等
期刊名称：Aquaculture Environment Interactions
印刷版ISSN：1869-215X
电子版ISSN：1869-7534
出版年度：2014
卷号：5
期号：2
页码：127-141
出版社：Inter-Research
摘要：The salmon louse Lepeophtheirus salmonis is a major parasite of salmon, and is able to travel between farms during its pelagic phases. We investigated the spatial dispersion of L. salmonis planktonic stages in the Hardangerfjord, Norway, using an individual-based model and a fjord circulation model. The models allowed us to investigate how assumptions about swimming responses to environmental cues affect vertical distribution, development and horizontal transport. The rules governing vertical distributions include passive particles remaining fixed at constant depths, but also prescribed responses of active particles to environmental cues such as ambient light level, salinity and temperature. Horizontal dispersion was affected by the vertical distribution scheme (rules) of the particles (each representing an individual planktonic-stage L. salmonis). When particles were held fixed in the surface layer, the horizontal dispersion and the area potentially affected by a source of lice decreased relative to the distribution that was predicted when lice had vertical migration behaviours. The simulations also showed that swimming triggered by both light and temperature may result in a diel migration pattern. If the particles sought out the warmest areas during juvenile stages, development to the infectious stage was reduced by up to 1 d. Better information on the actual response lice have to a set of vertical environmental factors is needed to improve predictions of lice dispersal in fjords.
关键词：Numerical model ; Dispersion ; Sea lice ; Lepeophtheirus salmonis ; Fjord ; Circulation ; Individual-based model ; IBM ; Vertical migration