文章基本信息

标题：What Can Be Learned from Experience with Scientific Advisory Committees in the Field of International Environmental Politics?
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作者：Steinar Andresen ; Prativa Baral ; Steven J. Hoffman 等
期刊名称：Global Challenges
印刷版ISSN：2056-6646
电子版ISSN：2056-6646
出版年度：2018
卷号：2
期号：9
DOI：10.1002/gch2.201800055
语种：English
出版社：John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
摘要：Abstract Scientific advisory committees (SACs) are a critically important part of global environmental policy. This commentary reviews the role of SACs in six global and regional environmental regimes, defined here as the set of rules, norms, and procedures that are developed by states and international organizations out of their common concerns and used to organize common activities. First, SACs play a critical role in putting issues on the political agenda and the creation of an overarching regime. Second, the effectiveness of a given SAC and the associated regime is highly variable. Third, there is also considerable variation in the extent to which the regime is driven by an overarching scientific consensus, for example, high in the case of climate change, lower in the case of whaling. Fourth, the role of science in a given regime is also a function of whether the problem being addressed is relatively benign or more malign, that is to say, marked by deep political disagreements (i.e., climate change). Finally, the cases examined here suggest that the institutional design of the SAC matters and can influence the overall effectiveness of the SAC and by extension, the regime, but it is seldom decisive. Scientific advisory committees (SACs) play an important role in international environmental politics, but their ability to be effective in influencing policies depends on the context. This paper examines six different political and scientific contexts to demonstrate the role that scientific expertise can play.
关键词：environmental regimesglobal environmental policyinternational environmental politicsscience–policy nexusscientific advisory committees