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标题：Carbon dioxide and methane exchange at a cool-temperate freshwater marsh
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作者：Ian B Strachan ; Kelly A Nugent ; Stephanie Crombie 等
期刊名称：Environmental Research Letters
印刷版ISSN：1748-9326
电子版ISSN：1748-9326
出版年度：2015
卷号：10
期号：6
页码：065006
DOI：10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/065006
语种：English
出版社：IOP Publishing Ltd
摘要：Freshwater marshes have been shown to be strong sinks for carbon dioxide (CO₂) on an annual basis relative to other wetland types; however it is likely that these ecosystems are also strong emitters of methane (CH₄), reducing their carbon (C) sequestration potential. Multiyear C balances in these ecosystems are necessary therefore to determine their contribution to the global C cycle. Despite this, the number of multiyear studies in marshes is few, with, to the best of our knowledge, only one other Northern marsh C balance reported. This study presents five years of eddy covariance flux measurements of CO₂, and four years of warm-season chamber measurements of CH₄ at a cool-temperate Typha angustifolia marsh. Annual average cumulative net ecosystem exchange of CO₂ (NEE) at the marsh was −224 ± 54 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹ (±SD) over the five-year period, ranging from −126 to −284 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹. Enhancement of the ecosystem respiration during warmer spring, autumn and winter periods appeared the strongest determinant of annual NEE totals. Warm season fluxes of CH₄ from the Typha vegetation (avg. 1.0 ± 1.2 g C m⁻² d⁻¹) were significantly higher than fluxes from the water surface (0.5 ± 0.4 g C m⁻² d⁻¹) and unvegetated mats (0.2 ± 0.2 g C m⁻² d⁻¹). Air temperature was a primary driver of all CH₄ fluxes, while water table was not a significant correlate as water levels were always at or above the vegetative mat surfaces. Weighting by the surface cover proportion of water and vegetation yielded a net ecosystem CH₄ emission of 127 ± 19 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹. Combining CO₂ and CH₄, the annual C sink at the Mer Bleue marsh was reduced to −97 ± 57 g C m⁻² yr⁻¹, illustrating the importance of accounting for CH₄ when generating marsh C budgets.