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标题：Thermophilic fermentations of lignocellulosic substrates and economics of biofuels: prospects in Pakistan
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作者：Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad ; Javed Iqbal Qazi
期刊名称：INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
印刷版ISSN：2008-9163
出版年度：2014
卷号：5
期号：2-3
页码：1-14
DOI：10.1007/s40095-014-0094-4
语种：English
出版社：ISLAMIC AZAD UNIVERSITY, SOUTH TEHRAN BRANCH
摘要：AbstractClimatic vicissitudes have laid further stress on already dwindling fossil fuels. In response to the emerging energy needs, biofuels can be considered as the safest and sustainable energy resources. At present, ethanol fermentations have been successful in fueling motor vehicles in some countries. However, with the existing population dynamic, obtaining ethanol from food competing resources/commodities might not be a desirable option. Therefore, non-food competing second-generation biofuels are the right choice to accommodate the increasing energy demand. Regarding the production of biohydrogen, shifting from food competing substrates to non-food competing natural resources would be geared at dawn of biohydrogen productions. In this review potential of lignocellulosic biomass, the largest renewable natural resource for biofuels’ generation has been discussed in reference to economical consideration. The strategies will likely involve thermophilic microbes possessing cellulolytic as well as ethanologenic potential. The process economics might be supported to some extent by procuring byproducts of some value from the bioenergy fermentations. Nutritional evaluation of the fermentation residues for animal feed may improve the biofuel economics. The proposed strategies appear promising more specifically in reference to climatic conditions of Pakistan.
关键词：KeywordsEnBioethanolBiohydrogenBiofuel from celluloseThermophiles and biofuelsSustainable biofuelsCost-competitive biofuels