摘要:AbstractThis paper presents new authentic probability problems especially on permutation and combination concepts. The research study was conducted in 2008–2010 to develop the authentic problems and to investigate whether three newly developed probability instructional units can enhance high school student's conceptual understanding of and achievements in permutations and combinations. The three instructional units were the nontraditional word problem instructional unit, the sport problem instructional unit, and the probabilistic game instructional unit. The emphasis was on real-life word problems or unusual word problems, popular-sport problems or sport situations, and new probabilistic games in order to teach probability concepts. The findings from the research study provoked the researcher to present mathematics teachers with the high school probability problems effective in teaching permutations and combinations in probability lessons by selecting the most effective, most interesting, and most appropriate authentic problems from the three instructional units in the research study.
关键词:Authentic problems;permutations and combinations;probability;high school mathematics;probabilistic games