摘要:AbstractThe purpose of this research was to study the effect of empty bladder and not emptying the bladder on hematuria in student speed and endurance runners in 6 region branches of Islamic Azad University. Twenty six students were assigned in two groups of 400m and 5000m. The subjects participate in two stages with empty bladder and not empty bladder. Pretest urine sample were collected before each stage. The process includes activity with empty bladder for the first stage and after 72hours activity with not emptying the bladder for the second stage. In each stage after 60minutes urine samples were collected. To analyze data t-test at α=0.05 were used. The results showed that there was a significant difference in hematuria rate in both speed and long distance groups (p<0.05). There is no significant difference in hematuria rate between sprinters with empty bladder and not emptying the bladder (p>0.05).But there is a significant difference in hematuria rate between long distance runners with empty bladder and not emptying the bladder (p<0.05). However findings of this study showed that speed and endurance activities cause an increasement in hematuria but hematuria was more observed with empty bladder for endurance activities.