摘要:Phonological dyslexia (PD) is an acquired reading disorder operationally defined as a dissociation between word and non-word reading. This effect can arise at multiple levels: as a damage to the grapheme-to-phoneme conversion procedure (classical PD), as a deficit of the phonological output buffer (Bisiacchi et al., 1989) and potentially as an early peripheral deficit. According to Friedman (1995), the impairment in non-word reading is always associated with sensitivity to word semantic properties, which follows a progression of symptoms along a continuum between phonological and deep dyslexia (grammatical class effect —> imageability effect —> semantic paralexia).