文章基本信息

标题：Efficiency and Equity of Ramp Control and Capacity Allocation Mechanisms in a Freeway Corridor
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作者：Qiong Tian ; Qiong Tian ; Hai-Jun Huang 等
期刊名称：Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences
印刷版ISSN：1877-0428
出版年度：2011
卷号：17
页码：509-531
DOI：10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.04.529
语种：English
出版社：Elsevier
摘要：AbstractThis paper investigates the efficiency and equity of morning peak ramp control schemes in a freeway corridor with limited capacity. In terms of efficiency, both short-run and long-run optimal ramp control schemes are obtained by minimizing the total travel cost and maximizing the total social benefit along the corridor. It is found that for a short-run optimum with inelastic demand, the morning peak period is of the same duration for different on-ramp locations. But for a long-run optimum with elastic demand, the peak duration for various on-ramps increases with the local capacity elasticity of demand. In terms of equity, two measures are defined from a demand-based viewpoint and a space-based viewpoint. It is shown that the short-run optimal ramp control scheme is perfectly fair from a demand-based equity viewpoint. Consequently, two typical ramp control schemes—a perfect demand-based equity scheme and a perfect space-based equity scheme—are introduced and compared with the long-run optimal ramp control scheme in terms of efficiency and equity. It is shown that the long-run optimal ramp control scheme without an equity constraint is more unfair than the perfect demand-based equity scheme from a space-based equity viewpoint. Numerical simulations using survey data from China suggest that the perfect demand-based equity scheme attains an economic welfare level that is very close to the optimal one.
关键词：Ramp control schemes;Bottleneck model;Demand-based equity;Space-based equity