摘要:Speakers use reference terms to draw their addressees attention to entities mentioned during the discourse. These terms vary from fiill detailed NPs to pronouns. Speakers choose which term to use according to their (unconscious) assessment of their addressees* femiliarity with the referents mentioned. When they assume that the addressee knows the reièrent, a pronoun would suffice; when they estimate that the addressee does not know who they are talking about, the reference should use a £ill detailed NP.