摘要:For decades, universities in Soviet countries were governed, evaluated, and financed according to the same principles. The current system is not like this former one. However, faculty contractsa core element in any universitystill participate much in common. While this article is based on detailed data on the academic profession in Armenia, Kazakhstan, Latvia, and Russia, the described trends are, to some extent, common for all post-Soviet countries.
关键词:Academic Profession;Asia;Europe;Russia (Russian Federation);Russian higher education;academic salaries;academic profession in Russia.