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标题：PTF11mnb: First analog of supernova 2005bf
其他标题：Long-rising, double-peaked supernova Ic from a massive progenitor⋆
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作者：F. Taddia ; J. Sollerman ; C. Fremling 等
期刊名称：Astronomy & Astrophysics
印刷版ISSN：0004-6361
电子版ISSN：1432-0746
出版年度：2018
卷号：609
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/201629874
语种：English
出版社：EDP Sciences
摘要：Aims.We study PTF11mnb, a He-poor supernova (SN) whose light curves resemble those of SN 2005bf, a peculiar double-peaked stripped-envelope (SE) SN, until the declining phase after the main peak. We investigate the mechanism powering its light curve and the nature of its progenitor star.Methods.Optical photometry and spectroscopy of PTF11mnb are presented. We compared light curves, colors and spectral properties to those of SN 2005bf and normal SE SNe. We built a bolometric light curve and modeled this light curve with the SuperNova Explosion Code (SNEC) hydrodynamical code explosion of a MESA progenitor star and semi-analytic models.Results.The light curve of PTF11mnb turns out to be similar to that of SN 2005bf until~50 d when the main (secondary) peaks occur at−18.5mag. The early peak occurs at~20 d and is about 1.0 mag fainter. After the main peak, the decline rate of PTF11mnb is remarkably slower than what was observed in SN 2005bf, and it traces well the56Co decay rate. The spectra of PTF11mnb reveal a SN Ic and have no traces of He unlike in the case of SN Ib 2005bf, although they have velocities comparable to those of SN 2005bf. The whole evolution of the bolometric light curve is well reproduced by the explosion of a massive (Mej= 7.8M⊙), He-poor star characterized by a double-peaked56Ni distribution, a total56Ni mass of 0.59M⊙, and an explosion energy of2.2 × 1051erg. Alternatively, a normal SN Ib/c explosion (M(56Ni) = 0.11M⊙,EK= 0.2 × 1051erg,Mej= 1M⊙) can power the first peak while a magnetar, with a magnetic field characterized byB= 5.0 × 1014G, and a rotation period ofP= 18.1ms, provides energy for the main peak. The earlyg-band light curve can be fit with a shock-breakout cooling tail or an extended envelope model from which a radius of at least 30R⊙is obtained.Conclusions.We presented a scenario where PTF11mnb was the explosion of a massive, He-poor star, characterized by a double-peaked56Ni distribution. In this case, the ejecta mass and the absence of He imply a large ZAMS mass (~85M⊙) for the progenitor, which most likely was a Wolf-Rayet star, surrounded by an extended envelope formed either by a pre-SN eruption or due to a binary configuration. Alternatively, PTF11mnb could be powered by a SE SN with a less massive progenitor during the first peak and by a magnetar afterward.
关键词：ensupernovae: generalsupernovae: individual: PTF11mnb, SN 2005bf, iPTF15dtg