期刊名称：Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences
印刷版ISSN：1687-8507
出版年度：2015
卷号：8
期号：2
页码：247-254
DOI：10.1016/j.jrras.2015.03.003
出版社：Elsevier B.V.
摘要：Abstract For a long time it was generally accepted that effects of ionizing radiation such as cell death, chromosomal aberrations, \{DNA\} damage, mutagenesis, and carcinogenesis result from direct ionization of cell structures, particularly DNA, or from indirect damage through reactive oxygen species produced by radiolysis of water, and these biological effects were attributed to irreparable or misrepaired \{DNA\} damage in cells directly hit by radiation. Using linear non-threshold model (LNT), possible risks from exposure to low dose ionizing radiation (below 100 mSv) are estimated by extrapolating from data obtained after exposure to higher doses of radiation. This model has been challenged by numerous observations, in which cells that were not directly traversed by the ionizing radiation exhibited responses similar to those of the directly irradiated cells. Therefore, it is nowadays accepted that the detrimental effects of ionizing radiation are not restricted only in the irradiated cells, but also to non-irradiated bystander or even distant cells manifesting various biological effects.
关键词：Target theory ;Bystander effect ;Adaptive response ;Radiation protection ;Linear non-threshold
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