标题:Relación de las emociones y la actividad física dentro de la teoría de la conducta planificada. (Relation of emotions and physical activity within the theory of planned behavior).
期刊名称:RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte. doi:10.5232/ricyde
印刷版ISSN:1885-3137
出版年度:2011
卷号:7
期号:24
页码:158-173
语种:Spanish
出版社:Ramón Cantó Alcaraz (Publisher)
摘要:El presente trabajo pretende ampliar el modelo de la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada (TCP) mediante la adición de variables emocionales para aumentar su fuerza predictiva de la práctica de actividad física. En este estudio con 175 adolescentes (M edad = 18.5 años, DT = 1.5; 57% mujeres), se comprobó el modelo tradicional de la TCP y un modelo ampliado con la variable “emociones” mediante modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Los resultados ofrecen un alto grado de ajuste (RMSEA = .05, para sendas estructuras) en los modelos analizados, y muestran un aumento considerable de la varianza total explicada con un 14% para el modelo ampliado en la predicción de la práctica de actividad física. Este resultado sugiere extender el modelo tradicional para la predicción de la práctica de actividad física que sólo considera parámetros cognitivos, con la variable “emociones”. Finalmente, se esbozan las implicaciones de los resultados para futuros trabajos de investigación. Palabras clave : teoría de la conducta planificada; actividad física; emociones; modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Abstract This paper aims to extend the model of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by adding emotional variables to increase predictive power of physical activity (PA). In this study with 175 adolescents (M age = 18.5 years, SD = 1.5; 57% women), we analyzed a traditional model (based on TPB) and the extended model with the variable "emotions" through structural equation modeling. The results provided a high level of fit (RMSEA = .05) for the analyzed models and a considerable increase in the total explained variance with 14% for the extended model in predicting PA. This result suggests expanding the traditional model for predicting the practice of PA that considers only cognitive parameters, with the variable "emotions". Finally it outlines the implications of the findings for future research. Key words : theory of planned behavior; physical activity; emotions; structural equation models. doi:10.5232/ricyde2011.02401 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Referencias/references Abraham, C. & Sheeran, P. (2003). Acting on intentions: the role of anticipated regret. British Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 495-511. doi:10.1348/014466603322595248 PMid:14715114 Abraham, C. & Sheeran, P. (2004). Deciding to exercise: the role of anticipated regret. British Journal of Health Psychology, 9, 269-278. doi:10.1348/135910704773891096 PMid:15125809 Abraham, C.; Sheeran, P., & Johnston, M. (1998). From health beliefs to self-regulation: Theoretical advances in the psychology of action control. Psychology and Health, 13, 569-591. doi:10.1080/08870449808407420 Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organisational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50, 179-211. doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T Ajzen, I. & Driver, B.L. (1991). Prediction of leisure participation from behavioral, normative, and control beliefs: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Leisure Sciences, 13, 185-204. doi:10.1080/01490409109513137 Ajzen, I. & Madden, T.J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behaviour: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioural control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453-474. doi:10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4 Armitage, J. (2005). Can the theory of planned behavior predict the maintenance of physical activity? Health Psychology, 3, 235-245. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.24.3.235 PMid:15898858 Armitage, C.J. & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471-499. doi:10.1348/014466601164939 PMid:11795063 Bagozzi, P.B.; Moore, D.J., & Leone, L. (2004). Self-control and the self-regulation of dieting decisions: the role of prefactual attitudes, subjective norms, and resistance to temptation. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 26, 199-213. doi:10.1207/s15324834basp2602&3_7 Baumeister, R.F.; Vohs, K.D.; DeWall, C.N., & Zhang, L. (2007). How emotion shapes behavior: feedback, anticipation, and reflection, rather than direct causation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 11, 167-203. doi:10.1177/1088868307301033 PMid:18453461 Blanchard, C.M.; Courneya, K.S.; Rodgers, W.M.; Daub, B., & Knapik, G. (2002). Determinants of exercise intention and behavior during and after phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation: An application of the theory of planned behavior. Rehabilitation Psychology, 47, 308-325. doi:10.1037/0090-5550.47.3.308 Blanchard, C.M.; Fisher, J.; Sparling, P.; Nehl, E.; Rhodes, R., & Courneya, K.S. (2008a). Understanding Physical Activity Behavior in African American and Caucasian College Students: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of American College Health, 56 (4), 341-346. doi:10.3200/JACH.56.44.341-346 PMid:18316275 Blanchard, C.M.; Kupperman, J.; Sparling, P.; Nehl, E.; Rhodes, R.E., & Courneya, K.S. (2008b). Source Ethnicity and the theory of planned behavior in an exercise context: A mediation and moderation perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9 (4), 527-545. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.06.004 Brand, R. & Schlicht, W. (2007). Gesundheit, körperliche Aktivität und Sport. Kognitive und emotionale Aspekte der Verhaltensänderung - Themenheft. Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie, 14, 1-2. doi:10.1026/1612-5010.14.1.1 Byers, T.; Nestle, M.; McTiernan, A.; Doyle, C.; Currie-Williams, A.; Gansler, T., & Thun, M. (2002). American Cancer Society guidelines on nutrition and physical activity for cancer prevention: Reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 52, 92-119. doi:10.3322/canjclin.52.2.92 PMid:11929008 Carver, C.S.; Sutton, S.K., & Scheier, M.F. (2000). Action, emotion, and personality: Emerging conceptual integration. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 741-751. doi:10.1177/0146167200268008 Chen, M. & Bargh, J. A. (1999). Nonconscious approach and avoidance behavioral consequences of the automatic evaluation effect. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 25, 215-224. doi:10.1177/0146167299025002007 Conner, M. & Armitage, C. J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behavior: A review and avenues for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1429-1464. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.x Dillon, W.R. & Kumar, A. (1985). Attitude organization and the attitude-behavior relation: A critique of Bagozzi and Burnkrant's reanalysis of Fishbein and Ajzen. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 49 (1), 33-46. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.49.1.33 Gollwitzer, P. M. (1999). Implementation intentions. Strong effects of simple plans. American Psychologist, 54, 493-503. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.7.493 Hu, L. & Bentler, P.M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118 Marttila, J. & Nupponen, R. (2000). Health enhancing physical activity as perceived in interviews based on the theory of planned behaviour. Psychology and Health, 15, 593-608. doi:10.1080/08870440008405473 Martínez-Gonzalez, M. A.; Varo, J. J.; Santos, J. L.; De Irala, J.; Gibney, M.; Kearney, J., & Martínez, J. A. (2001). Prevalence of physical activity during leisure time in the European Union. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33, 1142-1146. doi:10.1097/00005768-200107000-00011 Mohiyeddini, C. & Bauer, S. (2007). Intentions-Verhaltens-Lücke bei sportlichen Aktivitäten: Die Bedeutung von Emotionen. Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie, 14, 3-13. doi:10.1026/1612-5010.14.1.3 Mohiyeddini, C.; Pauli, R., & Bauer, S. (2009). The role of emotion in bridging the intention-behaviour gap: The case of sports participation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10, 226-234. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2008.08.005 Pate, R.R.; Dowda, M.; O’Neill, J.R., & Ward, D.S. (2007). Change in physical activity participation among adolescents girls from 8th to 12th grade. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 4, 3-16. PMid:17489003 Pfister, H.R. & Bohm, G. (1992). The function of concrete emotions in rational decision making. Acta Psychologica, 80, 199-211. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(92)90047-H Rhodes, R.E. & Courneya, K.S. (2003). Investigating multiple components of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived control: An examination of the theory of planned behavior in the exercise domain. British Journal of Social Psychology, 42, 129-146. doi:10.1348/014466603763276162 PMid:12713760 Sandberg, T. & Conner, M. (2008). Anticipated regret as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: a meta-analysis. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47, 589-606. doi:10.1348/014466607X258704 PMid:18039428 Schwarzer, R. & Renner, B. (2000). Social-cognitive predictors of health behavior: Action self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy. Health Psychology, 19, 487-495. doi:10.1037/0278-6133.19.5.487 PMid:11007157 Sniehotta, F.F.; Scholz, U., & Schwarzer, R. (2005). Bridging the intention-behaviour gap: Planning, self-efficacy, and action control in the adoption and maintenance of physical exercise. Psychology and Health, 20, 143-160. doi:10.1080/08870440512331317670 Sutton, S. (1998). Predicting and explaining intentions and behavior: how well are we doing? Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28, 1317-1338. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01679.x Varo, J.J.; Martínez-González, M.A; De Irala-Estévez, J.; Kearney, J.; Gibney, M., & Martínez, J.A. (2003). Distribution and determinants of sedentary lifestyles in the European Union. International Journal of Epidemiology 32, 138-146. doi:10.1093/ije/dyg116 PMid:12690026 Wang, X. (in press). The role of anticipated negative emotions and past behavior in individuals’ physical activity intentions and behaviors. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2010.09.007 Zhu, J. & Thagard, P. (2002). Emotion and action. Philosophical Psychology, 15, 19-36. doi:10.1080/09515080120109397 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
关键词:teoría de la conducta planificada;actividad físico-deportiva;emociones;modelos de ecuaciones estructurales;theory of planned behavior;physical activity;emotions;structural equation models.