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标题：Deep imaging of the shell elliptical galaxy NGC 3923 with MegaCam
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作者：M. Bílek ; M. Bílek ; J.-C. Cuillandre 等
期刊名称：Astronomy & Astrophysics
印刷版ISSN：0004-6361
电子版ISSN：1432-0746
出版年度：2016
卷号：588
页码：1-12
DOI：10.1051/0004-6361/201526608
语种：English
出版社：EDP Sciences
摘要：Context. The elliptical galaxy NGC 3923 is known to be surrounded by a number of stellar shells, probable remnants of an accreted galaxy. Despite its uniqueness, the deepest images of its outskirts come from the 1980s. On the basis of the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), it has recently been predicted that a new shell lies in this region. Aims. We obtain the deepest image ever of the galaxy, map the tidal features in it, and search for the predicted shell. Methods. The image of the galaxy was taken by the MegaCam camera at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope in the g′-band. It reached the surface-brightness limit of 29 mag arcsec-2. In addition, we reanalyzed an archival HST image of the galaxy. Results. We detected up to 42 shells in NGC 3923. This is by far the highest number among all shell galaxies. We present the description of the shells and other tidal features in the galaxy. A probable progenitor of some of these features was discovered. The shell system likely originates from two or more progenitors. The predicted shell was not detected, but the new image revealed that the prediction was based on incorrect assumptions and poor data.
关键词：galaxies: peculiar;galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD;galaxies: individual: NGC 3923;galaxies: photometry;techniques: image processing;gravitation