文章基本信息

标题：Desarrollo histórico de los indicadores de Ciencia y Tecnología, avances en América Latina y México
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作者：Edna Alcázar Farías ; Alejandro Lozano Guzmán
期刊名称：Revista española de Documentación Científica
印刷版ISSN：1988-4621
出版年度：2009
卷号：32
期号：3
页码：119-126
DOI：10.3989/redc.2009.3.676
语种：Spanish
出版社：Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
摘要：Science and technology (S&T) indicators are very useful in the development of research policies. They assist decision-makers in distributing resources appropriately, in the awarding of funding, in the management of research groups and projects, and, via the identification of capacities and weaknesses, better orientate research. These indicators are widely used, following internationally accepted methodologies that have been developed since the 1930s and adapted to the needs of different times. However, the relationship between engineering, technology and economic activity has insufficient indicators and there is a lack of methodologies for investigating it; the accurate assessment of the social, educational, cultural, environmental and commercial impact(s) of engineering projects is very difficult. With the aim of being able to determine the impact of research and technological development, this work discusses the main advances made in the use of S&T indicators. Emphasis is placed on the need to develop new methodologies for assessing the socioeconomic impact of science and technology, particularly from the perspective of Latin American countries.
关键词：assessment;economic impact;indicator;innovation;social impact;evaluación;impacto económico;impacto social;indicador;innovación